The study of the origin, structure, evolution, and fate of the universe as a whole.
big bang: the universe expanded from an initial hot, dense state ~13.8 billion years ago
cosmic microwave background: relic radiation from the early universe, snapshot of first light
dark matter: unseen mass dominating gravity in galaxies and clusters
dark energy: accelerating expansion of spacetime, ~68% of total energy density
governed by general relativity at large scales and quantum mechanics at early epochs
large-scale structure shaped by gravity, field fluctuations, and thermodynamics
connects entropy, spacetime, and information theory at the deepest level
the tri-kernel maps coherently onto cosmology: diffusion as starlight and cosmic rays, springs as gravity and spacetime curvature, heat as cosmic temperature and entropy. the Jeans instability — when gravity overcomes thermal pressure and gas collapses into stars — is a phase transition where the springs kernel dominates the heat kernel