Blood sugar is the concentration of glucose in the bloodstream, typically measured in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) or millimoles per liter (mmol/L). The body maintains blood sugar within a narrow range through the hormones insulin and glucagon, secreted by the pancreas.
After a meal, carbohydrates break down into glucose, which enters the blood and triggers insulin release. Insulin signals cells to absorb glucose for energy or store it as glycogen in the liver and muscle tissue.
When blood sugar drops between meals, glucagon prompts the liver to convert glycogen back into glucose. Chronic dysregulation leads to conditions such as diabetes, where insulin production or sensitivity is impaired.
Fiber, protein, and healthy fat slow glucose absorption and help stabilize blood sugar after eating. Regular exercise, adequate sleep, and stress management through meditation all contribute to healthy glucose regulation.
discover all concepts