the capacity to inhibit or kill fungi. many species produce antifungal compounds as defense against fungal pathogens — these same compounds serve human medicine and agriculture
plant-derived antifungals include terpenes (thymol, cineole), phenolic compounds (gallic acid), and alkaloids. they disrupt fungal cell membranes, inhibit ergosterol synthesis, or interfere with fungal metabolism
common target organisms include aspergillus niger, Candida species, and agricultural blights. essential oils from rosemary, neem, and citrus species show broad-spectrum antifungal activity
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