systematic shaping of perception, belief, and behavior through selective presentation of information
techniques: repetition, emotional appeal, framing, omission, false dichotomy, appeal to authority, manufactured consensus
historical: Roman triumph ceremonies, Catholic Propaganda Fide (1622), WWI/WWII poster campaigns, Soviet agitprop, Nazi ministry of propaganda
modern forms: state media, astroturfing, bot networks, algorithmic feed manipulation, native advertising, deepfakes
Bernays (Propaganda, 1928): engineering of consent, public relations as organized persuasion
Chomsky-Herman (Manufacturing Consent, 1988): mass media as propaganda system serving elite interests through five filters
censorship and propaganda are complementary: censorship removes unwanted signal, propaganda amplifies desired signal
surveillance enables targeted propaganda: behavioral profiles allow precision manipulation of individuals
tru: cyber as antidote to propaganda, a decentralized ranking of knowledge where relevance is determined by consensus rather than editorial authority
egregore resists propaganda when information flows are open and verifiable
see also censorship, surveillance, revolution, democracy, decentralization