alias: retinol
vitamin a, also known as retinol, is a fat-soluble vitamin essential for maintaining healthy vision, skin, immune function, and cellular growth. it plays a critical role in the production of retinal, a molecule necessary for low-light and color vision, as well as supporting epithelial health and repair.
chemical properties
molecular weight: 286.45 g/mol
density: 0.953 g/cm³
boiling point: 137–138°C (under reduced pressure)
solubility: soluble in fats and organic solvents; insoluble in water
optical rotation: +47° to +52° (c=10, ethanol)
chemical formula: C₂₀H₃₀O
usefulness in medicine
vitamin a is widely used to treat and prevent vitamin a deficiency, which can lead to night blindness and xerophthalmia (dry eyes).
it supports healthy skin, reduces acne, and promotes wound healing.
retinoids, derived from vitamin a, are used in dermatology to treat psoriasis, acne, and other skin disorders.
it also strengthens the immune system, aiding in the prevention of infections.
antibacterial and antimicrobial activity
vitamin a has shown antimicrobial properties by boosting the immune system and supporting the health of mucosal barriers, which act as the body's first line of defense.
research highlights:
bacteria: