crypto/quantum a sufficiently large quantum computer running Shor's algorithm breaks RSA, ECDSA, ECDH, and all discrete-log or factoring-based schemes. Grover's algorithm halves the effective security of symmetric ciphers and hash functions (AES-128 -> 64-bit security, SHA-256 -> 128-bit). NIST…

Trident and Quantum Computing Why Prime Fields Are the Common Root of Provability and Quantum Advantage Trident compiles to arithmetic circuits over the Goldilocks prime field F_p where p = 2^64 - 2^32 + 1. This choice was driven by STARK proof efficiency — but it simultaneously makes Trident the…

quantum