trident/os/ton.md

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Ton — Operating System

← Target Reference | VM: TVM

Runtime Parameters

Parameter Value
VM TVM
Runtime binding ton.ext.*
Account model Account (cell-based state)
Storage model Cell-based
Cost model Gas (per-opcode + cell creation/storage)
Cross-chain --

Runtime Binding (ton.ext.*)

  • Cell operations — construct, parse, and manipulate cells (the fundamental data unit)
  • Message sending — internal and external message dispatch between contracts
  • Contract storage — persistent state access via cell trees
  • Ton DNS/Storage — access to Ton DNS resolution and decentralized storage

Notes

Ton uses a sharding architecture targeting 100K+ TPS across workchains. Each account's state is stored as a tree of cells, and the TVM operates directly on cell-based data structures (stacks of cells and continuations).

Telegram integration provides access to 500M+ monthly active users, making Ton one of the most widely distributed operating systems. 650+ dApps deployed on mainnet.

Gas is metered per TVM opcode with additional charges for cell creation and persistent storage. The cell-based model means all data — code, state, messages — is represented as directed acyclic graphs of cells.

For TVM details (instruction set, lowering path, bytecode format), see tvm.md.

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