soil.md

compost and biochar

soil/production

mycorrhizal

simple tests

• percolation
• ph
• type
  • sand
  • silt
  • clay
  • Soil Laboratory Test Sieve for Particle Analysis
• worms
  • Microscope with Contrast Phase

moisture

water drainage:

nutrient retention: the capacity of the soil to hold nutrients. clay has high nutrient retention, while sand has low.

aeration: the movement of air through the soil. sandy soils are well-aerated, clay soils are not.

compaction: the tendency of the soil to compact under pressure. clay is prone to compaction, while sand is not.

thermal conductivity: how well the soil conducts heat. sandy soils have high thermal conductivity, clay soils have low.

heat capacity: the amount of heat the soil can hold. clay has a high heat capacity, sand has a low.

ph level: the measure of acidity or alkalinity of the soil. sand tends to be slightly acidic, clay is often alkaline.

organic matter content: the amount of decomposed plant and animal material in the soil. clay soils generally have more organic matter.

bulk density: the mass of soil per unit volume. clay has a high bulk density, sand has a low.

porosity: the volume of pore space in the soil. sand is more porous than clay.

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electrical conductivity: the soil's ability to conduct electrical current, often related to its salinity. clay tends to have higher electrical conductivity.

soil structure: the arrangement of soil particles into aggregates. sandy soils are loose, clay soils are dense.

infiltration rate: the rate at which water enters the soil. it's high in sandy soils and low in clay soils.

erodibility: the susceptibility of soil to erosion. sandy soils are more easily eroded than clay soils.

permeability: the ability of soil to transmit water and air. high in sandy soils, low in clay soils.

soil color: the color of the soil, which can indicate organic matter content and mineral composition. sandy soils are often lighter, clay soils darker.

terra preta

• biochar
• manure
• compost
• worms
• fetrilzer

nutrients for plants

• pond
  • water
  • soil from bottom
  • mulch from plants
• trees
  • leaves
  • mulch
• animals => micronutrients
  • manure
  • bones, carcasses and innards
    • composted
    • buried under new fruit trees
• legumes => nitrogen
• wood ash => potassium
• rock dust
• human urine

fertiliser

compost

worm farm

As the user selects a soil texture, they will realize each texture has a unique colour. The idea behind this stems from both the colour triangle and the soil texture triangle. Such that 100% sand is yellow, 100% silt is cyan, and 100% clay is magenta. By giving each texture class a percent sand silt and clay value which adds to 100, we can retrieve a unique colour for each class.

• soil texture app
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soil/production

soil fertility assessment

• physical characteristics of the soil
  • texture and water content
    • predominantly sandy, classified as loamy sand, sandy clay loam, and sandy loam.
    • low water-holding capacity, with low water content at both field capacity and the permanent wilting point.
  • ph and electric conductivity
    • ph levels range from slightly acidic to neutral.
    • very low electric conductivity, indicating low availability of soluble salts.
  • nutrient content and soil health
    • organic carbon and nutrients
    • high percentage of organic carbon (5.46% at coffee site), indicating fertile soil.
    • medium to low levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.
  • micro-nutrients and heavy metals
    • high quantities of aluminum, calcium, and iron, possibly from natural or anthropogenic sources.
    • presence of heavy metals like lead and mercury suggests contamination from human activities.

laboratory test result

recommendations

• incorporating organic matter like mature compost can improve soil structure and nutrient retention.
• planting nitrogen-fixing crops will help replenish soil nitrogen levels naturally.
• regular soil testing is recommended to monitor nutrient levels and prevent contamination.

conclusion

• proper management practices can enhance soil productivity in cyber valley, supporting diverse agricultural activities while preserving environmental health.

raw results