mangifera indica

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review of mangifera indica

• mangifera indica, commonly known as the mango tree, is a tropical tree widely cultivated for its delicious fruit. it is native to south asia, particularly india, but is now grown in many tropical and subtropical regions worldwide.

parts of the plant and their uses

products

• root: the roots of mangifera indica are mainly used in traditional medicine. they are believed to have astringent and tonic properties and are used to treat diarrhea , dysentery , and other digestive issues.
• stem: the stem or trunk of the mango tree is a source of durable timber , used for making furniture , flooring, and construction materials. the wood is resistant to pests and has a fine grain, making it desirable for woodworking.
• fruit : the mango fruit is the most valuable product of mangifera indica. it is eaten fresh or processed into juices , jams, pickles, and dried snacks. mangoes are rich in vitamin a and vitamin c, as well as fiber, antioxidants , and various minerals.
• leaf: mango leaves are used in traditional medicine for their antibacterial, anti-inflammatory , and antioxidant properties. they are also used in cultural and religious ceremonies, especially in indian and southeast asian traditions.
• bark: the bark of the mango tree contains tannins and other compounds that have astringent and anti-inflammatory properties. it is used in traditional remedies for treating sore throats, diarrhea , and skin diseases .
• flower: mango flowers are small, fragrant, and have limited direct use. however, they are crucial for pollination and fruit development. in some cultures, they are used in traditional medicine to treat respiratory ailments .

uses

• plants/fruits: mango fruits are consumed fresh or processed into various products like juices, jams, and pickles.
• plants/greens: young mango leaves are sometimes used in salads or as garnishes.
• plants/timber: the wood from the mango tree is used in making furniture , construction materials , and various wooden items.
• plants/medicine: different parts of the mango tree, including leaves, bark, and roots, are used in traditional medicine for their therapeutic properties .
• plants/fuel: dried mango wood and leaves are used as firewood and fuel for cooking.
• plants/fertilizer: fallen mango leaves decompose and enrich the soil with organic matter, acting as a natural fertilizer .

data

• sun requirements: mango trees require full sun to thrive and produce abundant fruit .
• water requirements: they prefer well-drained soil with moderate watering. young trees need regular watering, while mature trees are relatively drought-tolerant .
• soil ph: mango trees grow best in slightly acidic to neutral soils, with a ph range of 5.5 to 7.5.
• plant/roles in permaculture guilds: in permaculture, mangifera indica serves as an overstory tree, providing shade and shelter for understory plants. its deep roots help stabilize the soil, while its fallen leaves improve soil fertility through natural mulch ing . mango trees also attract beneficial insects and birds, promoting biodiversity. they are often planted with nitrogen-fixing plants like legumes to enhance soil fertility .
• height in meters: mango trees can grow up to 35-40 meters tall, but they are often pruned to a height of 10-15 meters to facilitate easier harvesting.
• spacing in meters: mango trees should be spaced 8-10 meters apart to ensure adequate growth space and air circulation.
• germination days: mango seeds typically take 7-14 days to germinate under optimal conditions.
• strata: mangifera indica is considered an overstory tree in agroforestry systems , providing canopy cover and shade for other plants.
• days to maturity: it takes about 3-6 years for a mango tree to start bearing fruit, depending on the variety and growing conditions.
• plant, harvest, pruning calendar in months
• planting is best done at the beginning of the rainy season .
• pruning should be done annually to maintain the tree’s shape and promote healthy growth.
• flowering typically occurs in late winter to early spring , with fruit ripening in the summer months.
• good neighbors: good companion plants for mango trees include nitrogen-fixing plants like pigeon pea , ground covers that help retain soil moisture , and herbs or flowers that attract pollinators .
• bad neighbors: mango trees should not be planted near crops that require full sunlight for optimal growth, as the dense canopy can create too much shade. they should also be kept away from plants susceptible to similar pests and diseases , such as citrus trees.

chemical compounds

• вот обновленный шаблон с расширенными колонками для chemical compound, plant part и amount (%):

chemical compound	plant part	amount (%)	description
-------------------------	---------------------	-------------------	-------------
tannins	bark	10-15%	tannins have astringent properties and are used in traditional medicine to treat sore throat , diarrhea , and skin diseases .
flavonoids	leaves	5-10%	flavonoids are antioxidants with anti-inflammatory properties, beneficial in traditional remedies for various ailments.
mangiferin	leaves, bark	2-4%	mangiferin is a bioactive compound with antioxidant , anti-inflammatory , and antimicrobial properties, often used in medicinal preparations.
vitamins (a, c, e)	fruit	varies	mangoes are rich in vitamins, particularly vitamin c and vitamin a , which are essential for immune function and vision.
sugars	fruit	12-18%	natural sugars like fructose and glucose contribute to the sweet taste of mangoes and provide energy.
carotenoids	fruit	0.1-0.5%	carotenoids, such as beta-carotene, are precursors of vitamin a and contribute to the fruit’s vibrant color and nutritional value.
polyphenols	leaves, bark	1-3%	polyphenols are antioxidants that help protect cells from damage and may have various health benefits.
terpenoids	leaves, fruit	0.5-1%	terpenoids are aromatic compounds that contribute to the distinctive fragrance of mangoes and have anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.
dietary fiber	fruit	1.5-3%	dietary fiber in mangoes helps in digestion and promotes a healthy gut.