kuro specification
canonical reference for the F₂ tower field, its arithmetic, packed operations, and hardware targets.
spec pages
| page |
defines |
| field |
tower levels, all field operations, properties, cost model vs Goldilocks |
| tower |
tower construction, irreducible polynomials, representation choices, embeddings |
| inversion |
Fermat inversion in GF(2^n), addition chains, tower-recursive formula |
| packed |
Packed128 operations, inner product kernel, BitNet and SpMV applications |
| encoding |
bytes to tower elements, tower elements to bytes, canonical representation |
| batch |
batch inversion via Montgomery's trick for binary tower fields |
| vectors |
known-answer test values for each tower level, edge cases |
| hardware |
binary field processor design, SIMD utilization, GPU compute shaders |
see also
- nebu — Goldilocks field arithmetic (the prime field counterpart)
- kuro is to F₂ what nebu is to Goldilocks
Dimensions
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