1777-1855. German mathematician, physicist, and astronomer.
The "Prince of Mathematicians," with foundational contributions to number theory, algebra, statistics, analysis, and geometry.
Proved the fundamental theorem of algebra and developed modular arithmetic.
Introduced the Gaussian (normal) distribution, the backbone of statistics and error analysis.
Contributed to electromagnetism (Gauss's law) and geodesy (precise Earth measurement).
His work on least squares estimation and curve fitting underpins modern machine learning and data science.