blue-light damage

• violet portion (around 400–500 nm) of the visible light spectrum, often emitted by sunlight, digital screens (phones, tablets, computers), and artificial lighting (LEDs).
• how blue light damages the eyes:
  • oxidative stress: exposure increases production of free radicals, damaging retinal cells.
  • retinal damage: particularly harmful to photoreceptor cells (rods and cones) and retinal pigment epithelial cells in the macula.
  • circadian rhythm disruption: excessive blue-light exposure, especially at night, disrupts melatonin production, leading to sleep disturbances.
• potential health impacts:
  • increased risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD)
  • digital eye strain (also called “computer vision syndrome”)
  • sleep disturbances and related health issues
  • accelerated aging of retinal cells, potentially causing visual impairment